Docker Command Essentials
The idea of docker essentials is to summarize all the most use full docker commands.
Docker
Docker status related command
docker info
To check that the docker is working correctly. You need at least to have server detected.
$ docker info
Container
Container related command
docker run
To create and run a container. You need to give at least a docker image as a parameter.
$ docker run hello-world
Interactive shell options
- -i, --interactive : Keep STDIN open
- -t, --tty : Allocate pseudo-tty (terminal)
$ docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash
...
root@9b5e9657f47b:/#
Run ubuntu container, and launch the bin/bash command.
The container will run, as long as the application keep run.
Container naming
- --name : define name.
$ docker run --name container_name -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash
By default docker will give a container a name.
Detached mode
- -d, --detach : Run container in background and print container ID
Port Publish
- -p, --publish : Publish a container's port(s) to the host
Two ways of publish a port
- Let docker to define the host port
$ docker run -d -p 80 image_name - Define a specific port in the host. Here map the port 80 of the container to the port 80 of the host.
$ docker run -d -p 80:80 image_name
docker ps
List containers.
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8841e75b49a3 ubuntu "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Up 7 seconds container_name
List all container
- -a, --all : Show all containers (default shows just running)
$ docker ps -a
docker start
Start docker by using its name or id.
Using name
$ docker start container_name
Using id
$ docker start 8841e75b49a3
docker stop
Stop docker by using its name or id.
Using name
$ docker stop container_name
Using id
$ docker stop 8841e75b49a3
docker attach
Attach to the container session.
Using name
$ docker attach container_name
Using id
$ docker attach 8841e75b49a3
In this case is the /bin/bash command launched.
docker logs
Fetch the log of a container
$ docker logs container_name
Use Ctrl-C to exit.
docker top
Inspect the processes inside the container
$ docker top container_name
docker stats
Show statistics for one or more running containers.
$ docker top container_a container_b
docker exec
Execute a command inside a container.
$ docker exec -t -i container_name /bin/bash
See the docker run for the -t -i options
docker inspect
To gather more information.
$ docker inspect container_name
docker rm
To delete a container
$ docker rm container_name
Images
Images related command.
docker images
Lists all images in a docker hosts.
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest 693bce725149 11 days ago 967 B
ubuntu latest 2fa927b5cdd3 3 weeks ago 122 MB
docker pull
Pull an image from docker registry.
$ docker pull ubuntu
We can specify a tag for a docker image
$ docker pull ubuntu:12.04
Where 12.04 is a tag.
docker search
Search an image from docker hub
$ docker search ubuntu
docker commit
Commit an state of a container to an image, this method is not recommended, instead use Dockerfile
$ docker commit 8841e75b49a3 container_new_name
commit information
- -m : commit message
- -a : commit author
We can also add tag to a commit
$ docker commit -m "message" -a "bowie brotosumpeno" 8841e75b49a3 container_new_name:new
docker build
Build a docker image from a Dockerfile
Define repository/name
- -t : define a repository/name of an image
$ docker build -t="keraton/container_name:tag_v1 .
The . to reference the repository of a Dockerfile.
docker history
Show history of an image.
$ docker history 2fa927b5cdd3
docker port
To get an information about container to host mapping.
$ docker port 2fa927b5cdd3 80
0.0.0.0:49154
In this example the port 80 of contianer 2fa927b5cdd3 is mapped to port 49154 of host